OpenStack基于CentOS-Stream-9官方通用云镜像创建实例

1）下载CentOS-Stream-9官方通用云镜像(qcow2格式)

[root@controller images]# wget http://cloud.centos.org/centos/9-stream/x86_64/images/CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-x86_64-9-20241216.0.x86_64.qcow2

2）上传镜像到Glance

[root@controller images]# source /etc/profile.d/openstack-admin.sh

[root@controller images]# glance image-create --name "CentOS-Stream-9-x86_64" --file CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-x86_64-9-20241216.0.x86_64.qcow2 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --visibility public

3）查看镜像列表

[root@controller images]# openstack image list

4）查看实例类型列表

[root@controller images]# openstack flavor list

5）创建虚拟机实例

# 查看网络ID

[root@controller images]# openstack network list

# 查看子网

[root@controller images]# neutron subnet-list

# 查看安全组列表

[root@controller images]# openstack security group list

# 查看安全组规则

[root@controller images]# openstack security group rule list

# 查看密钥列表

[root@controller images]# openstack keypair list

# net-id是上面查看到的网络ID

--flavor m1.small                # 指定实例类型名称

--image CentOS-Stream-9-x86_64        # 指定镜像名称

--nic net-id=ef834f96-e472-44b8-8dc4-de1bf44cd472 # 指定网络ID

--security-group c9042bd6-c484-4528-8e1b-d69684c8aaf6    # 指定安全组ID

--key-name ssh_key        # 指定密钥对名称

virtual-vm-CentOS-Stream-9        # 指定虚拟机名字

[root@controller images]# openstack server create --flavor m1.small --image CentOS-Stream-9-x86_64 --nic net-id=ef834f96-e472-44b8-8dc4-de1bf44cd472 --security-group c9042bd6-c484-4528-8e1b-d69684c8aaf6 --key-name ssh_key virtual-vm-CentOS-Stream-9

6）查看虚拟机列表

[root@controller images]# openstack server list

7）查看网页VNC登录虚拟机方式

[root@controller images]# openstack console url show virtual-vm-CentOS-Stream-9

8）访问VNC

9）登录虚拟机

# 从控制节点SSH登录实例，CentOS-Stream-9官方通用云镜像默认用户名为cloud-user

# 从控制节点ping实例IP地址，测试是否可以ping通

[root@controller images]# ping -c 4 192.168.3.42

[root@controller images]# ssh cloud-user@192.168.3.42

10）修改root密码

[cloud-user@virtual-vm-centos-stream-9 ~]$ sudo su -

Last login: Mon Dec 30 02:21:02 EST 2024 from 192.168.3.129 on pts/0

[root@virtual-vm-centos-stream-9 ~]# echo "123456" |passwd --stdin root

Changing password for user root.

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

11）开启远程密码登录

[root@virtual-vm-centos-stream-9 ~]# echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >>/etc/ssh/sshd_config

[root@virtual-vm-centos-stream-9 ~]# sed -i '/^PasswordAuthentication/s/no/yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/50-cloud-init.conf

# 重启ssh服务

[root@virtual-vm-centos-stream-9 ~]# systemctl restart sshd

12）Xshell登录虚拟机

# 使用SSH远程登录虚拟机实例

13）OpenStack的镜像中默认关闭了root登陆，启动时会加载初始化脚本，再次关闭root登陆，需要修改初始化脚本。

# 打开root登陆和密码认证

[root@virtual-vm-centos-stream-9 ~]# sed -i '/disable_root/s/true/false/' /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg

[root@virtual-vm-centos-stream-9 ~]# sed -i '/ssh_pwauth/s/false/true/' /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg