Linux安装Nacos（集群模式）

一、Nacos简介

Nacos /nɑ:kəʊs/是Dynamic Naming and Configuration Service的首字母简称，一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现、配置管理和服务管理平台。

Nacos主要提供三种功能：服务注册与发现、动态配置服务、动态DNS服务。

二、安装Nacos集群

1、集群部署环境准备

2、安装JDK

JDK下载地址：https://www.oracle.com/cn/java/technologies/javase/jdk11-archive-downloads.html

1）安装JDK-11.0.17

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install jdk-11.0.17_linux-x64_bin.rpm

2）查看是否安装成功

[root@localhost ~]# java -version

java version "11.0.17" 2022-10-18 LTS

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.17+10-LTS-269)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.17+10-LTS-269, mixed mode)

注意：所有Nacos节点需要安装

3、安装MySQL

1）配置清华大学Yum源

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-connectors-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-tools-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-5.7-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-5.7-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

2）安装MySQL-5.7

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

3）启动MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld

4）登录MySQL

1、查看初始化后生成的密码

[root@localhost ~]# grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log

2023-03-25T12:54:39.593636Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hiPZY4U6yZ_6

2、登录MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'hiPZY4U6yZ_6'

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

 

Server version: 5.7.42-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

3、初始化后需重置密码才能执行sql

mysql> set password=password('Aa123456@!');

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select version();

+--------------+

| version()    |

+--------------+

| 5.7.42-log |

+--------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4、安装Nacos

1）下载Nacos软件包

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/download/1.4.3/nacos-server-1.4.3.zip

2）解压

[root@localhost ~]# unzip nacos-server-1.4.3.zip -d /usr/local

3）修改startup.sh启动脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nacos/bin/startup.sh

# 添加JAVA_HOME

JAVA_HOME="/usr/java/jdk-11.0.17"

注意：所有Nacos节点需要安装

4）导入Nacos自带SQL文件

1、创建数据库及授权

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

mysql> create database nacos;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> grant all on nacos.* to nacos@'%' identified by 'nacos';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2、导入SQL文件

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -h192.168.0.200 -unacos -pnacos nacos < /usr/local/nacos/conf/nacos-mysql.sql

5）修改Nacos配置文件，这里采用MySQL，集群模式必须配自己的独立ip

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nacos/conf/application.properties

# 192.168.0.197

nacos.inetutils.ip-address=192.168.0.197
spring.datasource.platform=mysql
db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.200:3306/nacos?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
db.user.0=nacos
db.password.0=nacos

# 192.168.0.198

nacos.inetutils.ip-address=192.168.0.198
spring.datasource.platform=mysql
db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.200:3306/nacos?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
db.user.0=nacos
db.password.0=nacos

# 192.168.0.199

nacos.inetutils.ip-address=192.168.0.199
spring.datasource.platform=mysql
db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.200:3306/nacos?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
db.user.0=nacos
db.password.0=nacos

6）配置集群配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nacos/conf

[root@localhost conf]# cp cluster.conf.example cluster.conf

[root@localhost conf]# vim cluster.conf

192.168.0.197:8848
192.168.0.198:8848
192.168.0.199:8848

[root@localhost conf]# scp cluster.conf root@192.168.0.197:/usr/local/nacos/conf/

[root@localhost conf]# scp cluster.conf root@192.168.0.198:/usr/local/nacos/conf/

7）配置系统服务

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nacos.service

[Unit]
Description=nacos
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nacos/bin/startup.sh -m cluster
ExecReload=/usr/local/nacos/bin/shutdown.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/nacos/bin/shutdown.sh
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@localhost conf]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/nacos.service root@192.168.0.197:/usr/lib/systemd/system/nacos.service

[root@localhost conf]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/nacos.service root@192.168.0.198:/usr/lib/systemd/system/nacos.service

8）启动Nacos（集群模式，所有节点执行）

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl start nacos

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl enable nacos

9）查看Nacos启动日志

[root@localhost conf]# tail -f /usr/local/nacos/logs/start.out

2023-05-18 10:05:46,305 INFO Nacos is starting...

2023-05-18 10:05:47,311 INFO Nacos is starting...

2023-05-18 10:05:48,316 INFO Nacos is starting...

2023-05-18 10:05:49,318 INFO Nacos is starting...

2023-05-18 10:05:50,326 INFO Nacos is starting...

2023-05-18 10:05:51,328 INFO Nacos is starting...

2023-05-18 10:05:52,334 INFO Nacos is starting...

2023-05-18 10:05:53,339 INFO Nacos is starting...

2023-05-18 10:05:53,647 INFO Nacos started successfully in cluster mode. use external storage

# 出现以上输出代表启动成功

10）访问Nacos

1、浏览器输入访问任意节点，例如http://192.168.0.199:8848/nacos，如下图所示

2、登录Nacos（默认账号nacos，密码nacos）

3、查看Nacos集群状态

# 至此安装Nacos集群已经结束了，但是按照官方要求，不要暴露ip到外网，尽量用域名，所以需要安装Nginx。

5、安装Nginx

1）配置Centos 7 Nginx Yum源仓库

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

Retrieving http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.PiXlZn: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7bd9bf62: NOKEY

Preparing... ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

    1:nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx ################################# [100%]

2）安装Nginx

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install nginx

3）配置Nginx

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

    user nginx nginx;
    worker_processes auto;
    pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 10240;
    multi_accept on;
    }
http    {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    keepalive_timeout  120;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    server_tokens off;
    gzip    on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers    4 64k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 4;
    gzip_types      text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
    gzip_vary       on;
    client_max_body_size 10m;
    client_body_buffer_size 128k;
    proxy_connect_timeout 90;
    proxy_send_timeout 90;
    proxy_buffer_size 4k;
    proxy_buffers 4 32k;
    proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;
    client_header_buffer_size 4k;
    open_file_cache_valid 30s;
    open_file_cache_min_uses 1;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/nacos.conf

upstream cluster {
    server 192.168.0.197:8848 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15;
    server 192.168.0.198:8848 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15;
    server 192.168.0.199:8848 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15;
}
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;
    location / {
        proxy_connect_timeout    60;  # nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)默认60s
        proxy_read_timeout       60;  # 后端服务器数据回传时间(代理发送超时)默认值60s
        proxy_send_timeout       60;
        proxy_pass http://cluster;
    }
}

# https正式配置

upstream cluster {
    server 192.168.0.197:8848 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15;
    server 192.168.0.198:8848 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15;
    server 192.168.0.199:8848 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15;
}
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name 域名;
    # SSL证书文件
    ssl_certificate xxxxxx.pem;
    # SSL证书私钥文件
    ssl_certificate_key xxxxxxx.key;
    # 使用的协议版本
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
    # SSL会话超时时间
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    # 配置加密套件,密码加密方式
    ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
    # 依赖SSLv3和TLSv1协议的服务器密码将优先于客户端密码
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    location / {
        proxy_connect_timeout 60;  # nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)默认60s
        proxy_read_timeout 60;  # 后端服务器数据回传时间(代理发送超时)默认值60s
        proxy_send_timeout 60;
        proxy_pass http://cluster;
    }
}

4）启动Nginx

[root@localhost ~]# nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx

5）访问Nacos

1、浏览器输入http://192.168.0.200/nacos，如下图所示

2、登录Nacos

3、查看Nacos集群状态

4、服务注册、服务发现和配置管理

1）服务注册

[root@localhost ~]# curl -X PUT 'http://192.168.0.200/nacos/v1/ns/instance?serviceName=nacos.naming.serviceName&ip=20.18.7.10&port=8080'

2）服务发现

[root@localhost ~]# curl -s -X GET 'http://192.168.0.200/nacos/v1/ns/instance/list?serviceName=nacos.naming.serviceName' | python -m json.tool

{

    "cacheMillis": 3000,

    "clusters": "",

    "hosts": [],

    "name": "DEFAULT_GROUP@@nacos.naming.serviceName"

}

3）发布配置

[root@localhost ~]# curl -X POST "http://192.168.0.200/nacos/v1/cs/configs?dataId=nacos.cfg.dataId&group=test&content=helloWorld"

4）获取配置

[root@localhost ~]# curl -X GET "http://192.168.0.200/nacos/v1/cs/configs?dataId=nacos.cfg.dataId&group=test"